The ICUSB2321F 1-Port USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable with FTDI chipset and COM Retention converts an available USB 1.1 or 2.0 port into an RS232 serial DB9 port to connect, monitor and control your serial devices.This compact adapter features COM retention, allowing the same COM port value to automatically be re-assigned to the port if the cable is disconnected and re-connected to the host computer, or if the system is rebooted. The ICUSB2321F uses the FTDI chipset which supports additional customization, advanced features, and compatibility not necessarily offered by other solutions.Compatibility with a broad list of Operating Systems including Windows®, Windows CE, Mac OS and Linux, makes this product easy to integrate into mixed environments.Backed by a StarTech.com 2-year warranty and free lifetime technical support. Starting in High Sierra 10.13, macOS enforces stricter security policies than previous revisions. As a result of these changes, software packages, like those used in this installation, will need to be allowed within the macOS Security and Privacy settings, immediately after the software has been installed, in order for the device to operate.To allow the software, follow these steps after you've completed installation on your Mac:. Open System Preferences. Open Security & Privacy.
Click the Allow button near the bottom of the General tab.Note: The option to allow the software will be available within the Security & Privacy settings for 30 minutes. If the software is not allowed within that time frame, the software must be reinstalled in order for macOS to grant the opportunity to allow it again.
You may need to disable Driver Signature Enforcement in Windows 10 to use some driver installation packages. When you disable this feature, you can install unsigned driver packages on your computer.Note: Before you continue, save any open documents and close all of your programs. Prior to installing this device, ensure that your operating system is up to date (for example, you have installed the most recent service pack).To install the driver:. Download the latest drivers from the StarTech.com website.
Here we will use PL2303, one of the most popular USB to UART Converter manufactured by Prolific. Right Click on USB-Serial Controller Update Driver.
Prior to installing this device, ensure that your operating system is up to date (for example, you have installed the most recent service pack).To install the driver:. Download the latest drivers from the StarTech.com website. To confirm that Windows detects your USB device, complete the following:.
Press the Windows key+ R, type devmgmt.msc, and press Enter. In Device Manager, under the appropriate heading, confirm that your expansion card is listed and that there isn't an exclamation mark next to it. For example, a USB controller card would be under Universal Serial Bus controllers.Your USB device is listed according to the name of the chipset. To determine the name of the chipset of your USB device, navigate to and look on the Technical Specifications tab for your product.
To confirm that the Mac OS detects your USB device, complete the following:. Click the Apple icon.
Click About This Mac. Click More Info or System Report.
Under the appropriate heading, confirm that your USB device is listed and that there isn't an error. For example, a network card would be under Ethernet Cards.You may need to refresh the System Information page after you plug in your device. To do so, press Command + R with the System Information page open.Your USB device is listed according to the name of the chipset.
To determine the name of the chipset of your USB device, navigate to and look on the Technical Specifications tab for your product. When you troubleshoot issues with a serial device, there are some quick tests that you can complete to rule out potential problems.
You can test to make sure that the following components are working correctly and are not the source of the issue:.Serial cables.Serial ports.Serial devicesTo test your setup components, try the following:.Use the serial cable, serial port, and serial device in another setup to see if the problem is with the components or the setup.Use a different serial cable, serial port, and serial device in your setup to see if the problem persists. Ideally, you should test a component that you know works in another setup.When you test your cables, it is recommended that you do the following:.Test each cable individually.Use short cables when you are testing.When you test the serial ports and serial device, it is recommended that you do the following:.Press the Windows key + R, type devmgmt.msc, and press Enter to open Device Manager. Check to see if your device is listed under Ports (COM & LPT).Make sure that the COM port number is the correct number for the serial device and that the software being used to connect the computer to the serial device uses the correct COM port number.If the device is listed with an error, follow the instructions on the website to reinstall the drivers.Note: Some serial devices work only if the COM port number is between a certain range. For example, COM1 to COM4.Perform a serial loopback test. See this FAQ on how to perform a RS-232 serial loopback test.
To check whether or not an RS-232 serial port is working, perform an RS-232 loopback test by doing the following:. If your serial port is not female, convert it by taking a female/female cable or gender changer and plugging it into the serial port. Take a metal paperclip or wire and cross pins 2 and 3. If you look closely at the female end, the pins should be numbered. Open a telnet session on the COM port number of the device that you are testing. To find out the COM port number, refer to the following FAQ:.Note: To open a telnet session on the COM port, you need a telnet client like PuTTY or Hyper Terminal.
Windows XP comes with Hyper Terminal. When the session is open, anything you type into it you should see. The loopback test fails when you cannot see what you are typing.If the loopback test fails, make sure that the serial cable or gender changer that you are using works and that the adapter is in the correct port.You can check multiple ports at the same time by opening multiple sessions, putting the loopback adapter on one port, and trying to type into each session.
When you can see what you are typing, you know that the COM port is working and you can see which port number the physical serial port is. Close the window for the port that you just tested to speed up the testing of the remaining serial ports.For products related to this article, click. California Proposition 65 WarningWarning: Cancer and reproductive harm — Safety Measures. If product has an exposed circuit board, do not touch the product under power. If Class 1 Laser Product. Laser radiation is present when the system is open.
Wiring terminations should not be made with the product and/or electric lines under power. Product installation and/or mounting should be completed by a certified professional as per the local safety and building code guidelines.
Cables (including power and charging cables) should be placed and routed to avoid creating electric, tripping or safety hazards.
FTDI US232R : USB to RS-232 cable
FTDI TTL-232RG : USB to UART cable
AdaFruit's FTDI Friend
A USB adapter is a type of protocol converter that is used for converting USB data signals to and from other communications standards. Commonly, USB adapters are used to convert USB data to standard serial port data and vice versa. Most commonly the USB data signals are converted to either RS232, RS485, RS422, or TTL-level UART serial data. The older serial RS423 protocol is rarely used any more, so USB to RS423 adapters are less common.
Uses[edit]
USB to serial RS232 adapters are often used with consumer, commercial and industrial applications and USB to serial RS485/RS422 adapters are usually mainly used only with industrial applications. Currently, USB to TTL-level UART converters are used extensively by students and hobbyist as they can be directly interfaced to microcontroller.
Adapters for converting USB to other standard or proprietary protocols also exist; however, these are usually not referred to as a serial adapter.
The primary application scenario is to enable USB-based computers to access and communicate with serial devices featuring D-Sub (usually DB9 or DB25) connectors or screw terminals, where security of the data transmission is not generally an issue.
USB serial adapters can be isolated or non-isolated. The isolated version has opto-couplers and/or surge suppressors to prevent static electricity or other high-voltage surges to enter the data lines thereby preventing data loss and damage to the adapter and connected serial device. The non-isolated version has no protection against static electricity or voltage surges, which is why this version is usually recommended for only non-critical applications and at short communication ranges.
History[edit]
Historically, most personal computers had a built-in D-sub serial RS232 port, also referred to as a COM port, which could be used for connecting the computer to most types of serial RS232 devices. By the late '90s, many computer manufacturers started to phase out the serial COM port in favor of the USB port. By the mid-2000s, some computers had both a serial COM port and a USB port; however, many no longer had a serial COM port by that time, and today most modern computers have no serial COM port but instead only USB ports.
Since many serial devices with a RS232, RS485 or RS422 port are still in use and even still produced today, the disappearance of the serial COM port from personal computers has created a need for the USB to serial adapter.
Architecture[edit]
Die of a PL2303HX USB to Serial Bridge Controller manufactured by Prolific Technology.
As a simplified example a typical standard USB to serial adapter consists of a USB processor chip which processes the USB signals. The USB processor sends the processed USB signals to a serial driver chip which applies the correct voltages and sends the processed data signals to the serial output.[1]
For the computer to be able to detect and process the data signals drivers must be installed on the computer. Some chip models have drivers installed by default, including FTDI, while drivers for other chip models must be manually installed (e.g. for Windows and MacOS, WCH CH340 [2], Silicon Labs 210x[3].
When the USB to serial adapter is connected to the computer via the USB port the drivers on the computer creates a virtual COM port which shows up in Device Manager on Windows, and under /dev on Linux and MacOS. This virtual COM port can be accessed and used as if it was a built-in serial COM port. However, the characteristics of the virtual COM port are not exactly the same as a real internal COM port, mainly due to data latency; which means that if very sensitive and precise data transfer is required, the USB to serial adapter might be unreliable and not a desired solution.[4] Virtual COM drivers are usually available for Windows, Linux and MAC only.[5]
References[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USB_adapter&oldid=934058636'
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